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Colorful, Cute, Attractive and Carcinogenic: The Dangers of Dyes

Received: 29 November 2014     Accepted: 3 December 2014     Published: 27 December 2014
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Abstract

Azo dyes and their derivatives have been linked to cases of bladder, prostate, esophagus, rectum, stomach and ovary cancer. These dyes are quite common on food, however, several countries have revised its use and reassessed what are the acceptable concentrations of these pigments. Twilight Yellow and Tartrazine are two azo dyes allowed on food in many countries around the world, they are used for the preparation of gelatins, cake, juices, ready soft drinks, candies, chewing gum, snacks, crackers and etc. Among children and adolescents, the consumption of these foods is common, which can lead to high dye levels in the body. This study examined the concentration of Twilight Yellow and Tartrazine dyes in food consumed by children in Brazilian schools. The results indicated that high consumption of sweets tends to exceed the acceptable daily intake of dyes. Moreover, many products have levels above the allowed by the Brazilian legislation, which increases the risk of cancer.

Published in Cancer Research Journal (Volume 2, Issue 6-1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Lifestyle and Cancer Risk

DOI 10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15
Page(s) 42-48
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Azo Dyes, Twilight Yellow, Tartrazine, Cancer

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Durinézio José de Almeida, Gabriela Datsch Bennemann, Camila Cristina Bianchi, Guilherme Barroso L. de Freitas. (2014). Colorful, Cute, Attractive and Carcinogenic: The Dangers of Dyes. Cancer Research Journal, 2(6-1), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15

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    ACS Style

    Durinézio José de Almeida; Gabriela Datsch Bennemann; Camila Cristina Bianchi; Guilherme Barroso L. de Freitas. Colorful, Cute, Attractive and Carcinogenic: The Dangers of Dyes. Cancer Res. J. 2014, 2(6-1), 42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15

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    AMA Style

    Durinézio José de Almeida, Gabriela Datsch Bennemann, Camila Cristina Bianchi, Guilherme Barroso L. de Freitas. Colorful, Cute, Attractive and Carcinogenic: The Dangers of Dyes. Cancer Res J. 2014;2(6-1):42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15,
      author = {Durinézio José de Almeida and Gabriela Datsch Bennemann and Camila Cristina Bianchi and Guilherme Barroso L. de Freitas},
      title = {Colorful, Cute, Attractive and Carcinogenic: The Dangers of Dyes},
      journal = {Cancer Research Journal},
      volume = {2},
      number = {6-1},
      pages = {42-48},
      doi = {10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.crj.s.2014020601.15},
      abstract = {Azo dyes and their derivatives have been linked to cases of bladder, prostate, esophagus, rectum, stomach and ovary cancer. These dyes are quite common on food, however, several countries have revised its use and reassessed what are the acceptable concentrations of these pigments. Twilight Yellow and Tartrazine are two azo dyes allowed on food in many countries around the world, they are used for the preparation of gelatins, cake, juices, ready soft drinks, candies, chewing gum, snacks, crackers and etc. Among children and adolescents, the consumption of these foods is common, which can lead to high dye levels in the body. This study examined the concentration of Twilight Yellow and Tartrazine dyes in food consumed by children in Brazilian schools. The results indicated that high consumption of sweets tends to exceed the acceptable daily intake of dyes. Moreover, many products have levels above the allowed by the Brazilian legislation, which increases the risk of cancer.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Colorful, Cute, Attractive and Carcinogenic: The Dangers of Dyes
    AU  - Durinézio José de Almeida
    AU  - Gabriela Datsch Bennemann
    AU  - Camila Cristina Bianchi
    AU  - Guilherme Barroso L. de Freitas
    Y1  - 2014/12/27
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15
    T2  - Cancer Research Journal
    JF  - Cancer Research Journal
    JO  - Cancer Research Journal
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    EP  - 48
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.crj.s.2014020601.15
    AB  - Azo dyes and their derivatives have been linked to cases of bladder, prostate, esophagus, rectum, stomach and ovary cancer. These dyes are quite common on food, however, several countries have revised its use and reassessed what are the acceptable concentrations of these pigments. Twilight Yellow and Tartrazine are two azo dyes allowed on food in many countries around the world, they are used for the preparation of gelatins, cake, juices, ready soft drinks, candies, chewing gum, snacks, crackers and etc. Among children and adolescents, the consumption of these foods is common, which can lead to high dye levels in the body. This study examined the concentration of Twilight Yellow and Tartrazine dyes in food consumed by children in Brazilian schools. The results indicated that high consumption of sweets tends to exceed the acceptable daily intake of dyes. Moreover, many products have levels above the allowed by the Brazilian legislation, which increases the risk of cancer.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 6-1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Biology, Post-graduate Program in Comparative Biology, State University of Maringa (UEM), Maringá, Brazil

  • Department of Agronomy, State University of Midwest (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava, Brazil

  • Department of Nutrition, Faculdade Campo real, Guarapuava, Brazil

  • Department of Pharmacy, State University of Midwest (UNICENTRO), Guarapuava, Brazil

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