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Solid Waste Generation Rate and Characterization Study for Laga Tafo Laga Dadi Town, Oromia, Ethiopia

Received: 25 October 2017     Accepted: 6 November 2017     Published: 20 December 2017
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Abstract

Knowledge of the quantities and composition of the municipal solid waste is fundamental for the planning and development of waste management systems for cities. The objective of this study was to determine the composition and generation rate of household, commercial firms, government institutions and health care facilities solid waste in Laga Tafo Laga Dadi town, Oromia, Ethiopia. Representative Samples were randomly selected from all studied units for the solid waste generation rate per capita and composition determination. Formal survey using structured questionnaire was conducted to gather data on socio-economic condition and current waste management practices of the inhabitants. The per capita daily solid waste generation for household range 0.43 -0.46 kg and hotels, other business sectors and institutions were found to be 1.81, 1.57, and 0.41% kg/capita/day, respectively. The per capita daily solid waste generation in health facilities was found to be 9.61 kg/fac/day. The survey indicated that the household solid waste is composed of organic biodegradable 76% (food 62%) and ash 5% of the total weight of the sorted waste. Moreover recyclables constituents of the solid waste shared about 14.75% of the total weight. The Ropack residential village solid waste was composed of 48.66% organic (37.69% food) and bone accounts for 37.69% which equal to food waste. The recyclable and miscellaneous wastes account 13.94% and 2.76%, respectively. The organic waste of hotels accounts 67.45% (48.10% food) and the recyclables waste 2.44%. Likewise the ash was about 11%. Other business entities accounted 81.68% (68.81% food waste), recyclable shared 23.17% and the ash was 2.68% with miscellaneous 3.51%. The study also indicated that 37.72% infectious, 23.68% Sharps and 38.61% non-hazardous constituents of solid waste generated by the health care facilities in the town. From the result of this survey it can be concluded that, biodegradable solid waste constituted a lion share of the solid wastes generated in the town. Thus, the municipality can recover this waste by introducing an integrated urban agriculture that might convert this waste to organic fertilizer through composting.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11
Page(s) 84-93
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Municipal Solid Waste, Solid Waste Generation Rate, Integrated Solid Waste Management, Composition of Waste, Bio-Degradables

References
[1] Cacadia Consulting Group (2003). Guidelines for Waste Characterization Studies in the State of Washington. Washington State Department of Ecology.
[2] Cochran, G. (1977). Sampling techniques, 3rd ed. Wiley series in productivity and Applied mathematical statistics. New York, USA.
[3] CSA, (2007). Population and Housing Census. Addis Ababa: Ethiopian Federal Democratic Republic Central Statistical Agency.
[4] Dereje Diriba, (2009). Household Solid Waste Generation Rate, Composition and Content Analysis for Disposal and Resource Recovery in Two Selected Kebeles of Hawassa Town. M. Sc. Thesis Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
[5] Environmental Protection Agency (2007). Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures, Washington, DC. USA.
[6] Ethiopian Forum for Environment (2010). Solid Waste Characterization & Quantification of Bahir Dar City. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[7] GG consult. (2015). Solid Waste Generation Rate and Characterization Studyfor Gerbe Guracha Town. Addis Ababa: Water Aid Ethiopia.
[8] Getaneh Gebre and Tesfaye Beyene (2006). Household Waste Sorting and Composting the case of Gerji Composting project, Addis Ababa Environmental Protection Authority. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[9] Hoornweg, D. and Bhada-Tata, P. (2012). WHAT A WASTE, A Global Review of Solid Waste Management, Urban Development Series, The World Bank.
[10] IPCC, (2006). Waste Generation, Composition and Management Data, IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
[11] Karadimas, N. V., Alessandra, O. (2006). MSW generation modeling based on fuzzy logic, Proceedings 20th European Conference on Modeling and Simulation, ISBN0-9553018-0-7/ISBN 0-9553018-1-5 (CD), pp 1-6.
[12] Lema Asfaw (2007). Household solid waste generation rate and composition analysis in two selected kebles of Adama town, MSc Thesis, Addis Ababa University. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[13] Marshall, R. E. and Farahbakhsh, K. (2013). Systems approaches to integrated solid waste management in developing countries. Waste Management, vol.33, no. 4, pp.988–1003.
[14] McCauley-Bell, P. and Reinhart, D. (1997). Municipal solid waste composition studies, pp. 158-162.
[15] Sastry, D. B. S. S. R., (2007). Composition of MSW– need for thermal treatment in present Indian context, Earth Engineering Center, Columbia University, pp 2-12.
[16] Sharholy, R., Aboho, S. Y., Oketunde, F. O., Eneji, I. S., Unazi, G. and Agwa, S. (2007). Survey of solid waste generation and composition in a rapidly growing urban area in central Nigeria. Waste management 27.352-358.
[17] Tekilu, E. L. (2014). Characterization and Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste, Case Study, Hosanna Town. American Journal of Environmental Engineering, 162-168.
[18] World Bank (2012). What a waste, A global Review of Solid Waste Management, Urban Development Series Knowledge Paper, No. 15, WB, 2012.
[19] Yitayal Beyene (2005). Domestic solid waste quantity and composition analysis in Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa. MSc thesis, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
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  • APA Style

    Mesfin Assefa, Muktar Mohammed. (2017). Solid Waste Generation Rate and Characterization Study for Laga Tafo Laga Dadi Town, Oromia, Ethiopia. International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy, 5(6), 84-93. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11

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    ACS Style

    Mesfin Assefa; Muktar Mohammed. Solid Waste Generation Rate and Characterization Study for Laga Tafo Laga Dadi Town, Oromia, Ethiopia. Int. J. Environ. Prot. Policy 2017, 5(6), 84-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11

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    AMA Style

    Mesfin Assefa, Muktar Mohammed. Solid Waste Generation Rate and Characterization Study for Laga Tafo Laga Dadi Town, Oromia, Ethiopia. Int J Environ Prot Policy. 2017;5(6):84-93. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11,
      author = {Mesfin Assefa and Muktar Mohammed},
      title = {Solid Waste Generation Rate and Characterization Study for Laga Tafo Laga Dadi Town, Oromia, Ethiopia},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy},
      volume = {5},
      number = {6},
      pages = {84-93},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepp.20170506.11},
      abstract = {Knowledge of the quantities and composition of the municipal solid waste is fundamental for the planning and development of waste management systems for cities. The objective of this study was to determine the composition and generation rate of household, commercial firms, government institutions and health care facilities solid waste in Laga Tafo Laga Dadi town, Oromia, Ethiopia. Representative Samples were randomly selected from all studied units for the solid waste generation rate per capita and composition determination. Formal survey using structured questionnaire was conducted to gather data on socio-economic condition and current waste management practices of the inhabitants. The per capita daily solid waste generation for household range 0.43 -0.46 kg and hotels, other business sectors and institutions were found to be 1.81, 1.57, and 0.41% kg/capita/day, respectively. The per capita daily solid waste generation in health facilities was found to be 9.61 kg/fac/day. The survey indicated that the household solid waste is composed of organic biodegradable 76% (food 62%) and ash 5% of the total weight of the sorted waste. Moreover recyclables constituents of the solid waste shared about 14.75% of the total weight. The Ropack residential village solid waste was composed of 48.66% organic (37.69% food) and bone accounts for 37.69% which equal to food waste. The recyclable and miscellaneous wastes account 13.94% and 2.76%, respectively. The organic waste of hotels accounts 67.45% (48.10% food) and the recyclables waste 2.44%. Likewise the ash was about 11%. Other business entities accounted 81.68% (68.81% food waste), recyclable shared 23.17% and the ash was 2.68% with miscellaneous 3.51%. The study also indicated that 37.72% infectious, 23.68% Sharps and 38.61% non-hazardous constituents of solid waste generated by the health care facilities in the town. From the result of this survey it can be concluded that, biodegradable solid waste constituted a lion share of the solid wastes generated in the town. Thus, the municipality can recover this waste by introducing an integrated urban agriculture that might convert this waste to organic fertilizer through composting.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Solid Waste Generation Rate and Characterization Study for Laga Tafo Laga Dadi Town, Oromia, Ethiopia
    AU  - Mesfin Assefa
    AU  - Muktar Mohammed
    Y1  - 2017/12/20
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11
    T2  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
    JF  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
    JO  - International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy
    SP  - 84
    EP  - 93
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7536
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20170506.11
    AB  - Knowledge of the quantities and composition of the municipal solid waste is fundamental for the planning and development of waste management systems for cities. The objective of this study was to determine the composition and generation rate of household, commercial firms, government institutions and health care facilities solid waste in Laga Tafo Laga Dadi town, Oromia, Ethiopia. Representative Samples were randomly selected from all studied units for the solid waste generation rate per capita and composition determination. Formal survey using structured questionnaire was conducted to gather data on socio-economic condition and current waste management practices of the inhabitants. The per capita daily solid waste generation for household range 0.43 -0.46 kg and hotels, other business sectors and institutions were found to be 1.81, 1.57, and 0.41% kg/capita/day, respectively. The per capita daily solid waste generation in health facilities was found to be 9.61 kg/fac/day. The survey indicated that the household solid waste is composed of organic biodegradable 76% (food 62%) and ash 5% of the total weight of the sorted waste. Moreover recyclables constituents of the solid waste shared about 14.75% of the total weight. The Ropack residential village solid waste was composed of 48.66% organic (37.69% food) and bone accounts for 37.69% which equal to food waste. The recyclable and miscellaneous wastes account 13.94% and 2.76%, respectively. The organic waste of hotels accounts 67.45% (48.10% food) and the recyclables waste 2.44%. Likewise the ash was about 11%. Other business entities accounted 81.68% (68.81% food waste), recyclable shared 23.17% and the ash was 2.68% with miscellaneous 3.51%. The study also indicated that 37.72% infectious, 23.68% Sharps and 38.61% non-hazardous constituents of solid waste generated by the health care facilities in the town. From the result of this survey it can be concluded that, biodegradable solid waste constituted a lion share of the solid wastes generated in the town. Thus, the municipality can recover this waste by introducing an integrated urban agriculture that might convert this waste to organic fertilizer through composting.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Institute of Architecture, Building Construction and City Development, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • College of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Oda-Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia

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